Which region is NOT listed as a main endemic area for FMD?

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Multiple Choice

Which region is NOT listed as a main endemic area for FMD?

Foot-and-mouth disease tends to be continuously present in regions where transmission cycles are sustained in livestock, often with limited vaccination coverage and challenging control measures. Africa and Asia are recognized as main endemic areas because the virus circulates there over time, with persistent outbreaks and established transmission chains. Europe, by contrast, is generally considered FMD-free due to strict surveillance and control measures, so it is not listed as a main endemic region. The option that combines Africa and Asia would still point to regions that are endemic, not to a non-endemic region, so the correct choice is Europe.

Foot-and-mouth disease tends to be continuously present in regions where transmission cycles are sustained in livestock, often with limited vaccination coverage and challenging control measures. Africa and Asia are recognized as main endemic areas because the virus circulates there over time, with persistent outbreaks and established transmission chains. Europe, by contrast, is generally considered FMD-free due to strict surveillance and control measures, so it is not listed as a main endemic region. The option that combines Africa and Asia would still point to regions that are endemic, not to a non-endemic region, so the correct choice is Europe.

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