Which secretions, excretions, and tissues are contagious for FMD?

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Multiple Choice

Which secretions, excretions, and tissues are contagious for FMD?

FMD virus is shed by infected animals through a wide range of materials, not just one fluid. High viral loads are found in vesicular fluid and saliva, and the virus can also be present in nasal secretions, milk, semen, feces, urine, and various tissues, including epithelial tissue from lesions. Because the virus is so broadly shed, almost any material that comes from an infected animal—secretions, excretions, or tissues—can be contagious. Blood can be involved during acute infection, but the overarching point is that infectious virus can be found in all these categories, making the broad statement the most accurate. This underlines the need for strict biosecurity: treat all materials from infected animals as potentially infectious and ensure thorough cleaning, disinfection, and control of movements and fomites.

FMD virus is shed by infected animals through a wide range of materials, not just one fluid. High viral loads are found in vesicular fluid and saliva, and the virus can also be present in nasal secretions, milk, semen, feces, urine, and various tissues, including epithelial tissue from lesions. Because the virus is so broadly shed, almost any material that comes from an infected animal—secretions, excretions, or tissues—can be contagious. Blood can be involved during acute infection, but the overarching point is that infectious virus can be found in all these categories, making the broad statement the most accurate. This underlines the need for strict biosecurity: treat all materials from infected animals as potentially infectious and ensure thorough cleaning, disinfection, and control of movements and fomites.

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